BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY

 

BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology is a developing science studying the problems on the basis of what, when and why.

If you meet a photographer, you have a good idea about what that person does for a living, the same is true for many occupations such as nurse, accountant, farmer etc yet the image of what a psychologists does for a living is often unclear and very often wrong.

RESEARCH SPECIALITIES:-

• EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY:-  This branch aims at understanding the fundamental causes of behavior. It is laboratory study of sensation, perception, learning, memory, problem solving, communication, emotion and motivation. The experimental psychologists tries to find out the variables which determines one's behavior and experiences, how behavior is modified through learning and past experiences, what are the causes of forgetting etc.
• PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY:-   The branch of psychology that studies the connection between the nerves and endocrine system and behavior. The research is conducted on how the brain regulates the motivations such as hunger and thirst. It is both an experimental and clinical field of psychology that aims to understand how behavior and cognition are influenced by brain functioning and is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of behavioral and cognitive effects of neurological disorders. Whereas classical neurology focuses on the pathology of the nervous system and classical psychology is largely divorced from it,
• DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY:- Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why human beings change over the course of their life. Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire lifespan. Developmental psychologists focus on human growth and changes across the lifespan, including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, personality and emotional growth
• PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY:- Personality is the combination of behavior, emotion, motivation, and thought patterns that define an individual. Personality psychology attempts to study similarities and differences in these patterns among different people and groups.An individual's personality will fall somewhere on the spectrum for each trait. For example, you might be high in extroversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, but somewhere in the middle for openness and neuroticism.
• COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:- Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as "attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking".Learning is an example of cognition. The way our brain makes connection as we learn concepts in different ways to remember what we have learned. Our ability to reason through logic is a prime example of cognition. People do have different ways of reasoning if we think about why people buy certain things when they shop.
• ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY:-Comparative Psychology, or Animal Psychology is a multidisciplinary field designed to study the behaviors and cognitive processes of non-human animals. The epistemology of this field draws from many related areas of inquiry, including but not limited to ethology, general psychology, and evolutionary biology.Clinical Animal Behaviourists work on veterinary referral, helping the owners of companion animals such as dogs, cats, horses, rabbits and other small furries, and birds resolve behavioural problems through diagnosis of the problem behaviour and application of an individual behaviour modification program.
• PSYCHOMETRIC PSYCHOLOGY:- Psychometrics is the field of study concerned with the theory and technique of psychological measurement, which includes the measurement of knowledge, abilities, attitudes, and personality traits. The field is primarily concerned with the study of differences between individual. The term psychometrics refers to the design and interpretation of tests that measure psychological values such as aptitude, ability, personality, memory, happiness and intelligence. These tests are designed for, and given in, mental health, education and employment settings.

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY:-In the field of psychology, social psychology is the scientific study of how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, and implied presence of others. social psychology include: the self concept, social cognition, attribution theory, social influence, group processes, prejudice and discrimination, interpersonal processes, aggression, attitudes and stereotypes. 

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